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Labour rates (€/hour)
ÌýBasic rate*All-in rate**
CountryUnskilledSemi-skilledSkilledUnskilledSemi-skilledSkilled
BELGIUMÌýÌýÌý29.130.4135.71
CROATIA2.834.15.935.087.3810.67
CYPRUS11.2612.1113.7815.0816.0217.91
CZECH REPUBLIC2.393.756.826.828.5317.07
FINLAND9.512.6914.216.421.925.4
FRANCE10.6612.6214.3519.1923.5926.7
GERMANYÌýÌýÌý25.013035
GREECE4.865.557.639.7610.4513.34
HUNGARY2.374.745.915.9111.8414.8
IRELAND15.0116.2516.5303033
ITALY13.515.517.4926.2128.7530.66
NETHERLANDSÌýÌýÌý303537.49
NORWAY12.7119.0624.1433.0441.344.48
POLAND2.312.773.44.485.46.62
ROMANIA1.492.653.312.694.775.96
SLOVAKIA2.593.886.464.265.178.53
SPAIN2020.9924.492323.9927.49
SWEDEN11.6512.815.0926.1228.533.61
UNITED KINGDOM9.9111.3213.1813.5115.4317.96
ARGENTINA0.861.011.32.422.582.78
AUSTRALIA ¹12.5513.0713.7726.4227.0428.39
BRAZIL0.891.021.332.012.313.02
CHINA0.420.470.560.730.820.97
HONG KONG7.93Ìý13.669.15Ìý15.75
INDIA0.260.280.290.290.350.59
INDONESIA0.470.530.630.640.730.88
ISRAEL6.347.69.967.889.512.4
JAPAN12.5315.3119.3218.8322.9828.99
LEBANON1.171.72.771.231.792.91
MALAYSIA8.5914.6923.1510.1916.9527.12
NEW ZEALAND11.716.3816.3815.2122.2222.22
PHILIPPINES0.640.790.980.861.051.32
QATAR1.241.351.491.541.792.02
SAUDI ARABIA1.141.362.282.052.743.41
SINGAPORE1.82.423.022.963.063.26
SOUTH AFRICA1.232.34.581.713.216.43
SRI LANKA0.380.450.540.410.50.59
SULTANATE OF OMAN1.551.771.992.6633.32
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES1.261.381.491.631.862.15
VIETNAM1.612.684.032.423.764.83
USA ²38.4446.1352.96405575
CARIBBEAN ³10.6915.121.6113.119.0626.86
* Basic labour rate is the amount paid to a site operative, based upon figures promulgated by the national wage fixing body in the country. In many cases employers may be paying above or below the basic rate.
** The all-in rate is the gross hourly cost of employing the site operative, based upon the standard working week for the country, including items such as insurances, statutory contributions and taxes. The all-in labour rate for the Middle East includes for the cost of importing labour and for food and accommodation.
¹ Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
² USA figures are taken from the New York office only
³ Caribbean figures are an average for the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV costs: Offices and industrial (€/m²)
ÌýCity-centre heated officesCity-centre air-conditioned office
Ìý€/m²€/m²floors*€/m²€/m²floors*
Countrylowhigh(typical)lowhigh(typical)
BELGIUM1,4002,126Ìý1,8702,501Ìý
CYPRUS1,0471,464Ìý1,2441,745Ìý
CZECH REPUBLIC6821,02367511,1956
FINLAND1,3501,70051,4801,8015
FRANCE1,6502,200Ìý2,3002,950Ìý
GERMANY9001,27551,1801,6605
GREECE1,0002,196Ìý1,1382,501Ìý
HUNGARY59178967108498
IRELAND1,8012,80151,9502,8015
ITALY1,0991,40081,3002,1518
NETHERLANDS1,1791,43061,4411,9138
POLAND6161,006Ìý8041,256Ìý
ROMANIA48568557509007
SLOVAKIA46672355949058
SPAINN/AN/AÌý1,0201,55010
SWEDEN1,0411,35351,4571,7685
UNITED KINGDOM1,5812,04971,9033,2948
ARGENTINAN/AN/AÌýN/AN/AÌý
AUSTRALIA ¹N/AN/AÌý1,3591,96717
BRAZILN/AN/AÌý57865620
CHINAN/AN/AÌý56184535
HONG KONGN/AN/AÌý1,0691,432Ìý
INDIA2244671028050510
INDONESIAN/AN/AÌý275427Ìý
ISRAELN/AN/AÌý6066887
JAPANN/AN/AÌý1,6032,17015
LEBANON5126151455566614
MALAYSIAN/AN/AÌý249486Ìý
NEW ZEALANDN/AN/AÌý1,4041,638Ìý
PHILIPPINESN/AN/AÌý42354930
QATARN/AN/AÌý8071,11125
SAUDI ARABIAN/AN/AÌý7741,3207
SINGAPOREN/AN/AÌý8741,06425
SOUTH AFRICAN/AN/AÌý61889210
SRI LANKA16119842082344
SULTANATE OF OMANN/AN/AÌý487843Ìý
UNITED ARAB EMIRATESN/AN/AÌý67580224
VIETNAMN/AN/AÌý672833Ìý
USA ²ÌýÌýÌý2,8505,466Ìý
CARIBBEAN ³ÌýÌýÌý1,6872,4135
* Typical number of storeys has only been provided where identifiied by local offices
¹ Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
² USA figures are taken from the New York office only
³ Caribbean figures are an average for the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV type definitions
City-centre heated office Self-contained building of a size and height typical of major cities in country; building costs include for accommodation to a good finish with raised floors, carpet, suspended ceilings, heating, lighting and power, but excluding partitioning
Air-conditioned office Self-contained building of a size and height typical of major cities in country; building costs include for accommodation to a good finish with raised floors, carpet, suspended ceilings, air-conditioning, lighting and power, but excluding partitioning
Factories, warehouses, industrial Large, single storey unit of steel portal frame and profiled aluminium cladding, with an eaves height of at least 6 m, on an out-of-town site, finished to a basic shell with services and heating to the office space (approx 5% of area)
Out-of-town business park Self-contained low-rise building in a campus location. Costs include for high quality cladding and accommodation to a good finish with raised floors, carpet, suspended ceilings, air-conditioning, lighting and power, but excluding partitioning
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV costs: Residential and retail (€/m²)
ÌýHigh-rise apartmentsShopping centre
Ìý€/m²€/m²floors*€/m²€/m²floors*
Countrylowhigh(typical)lowhigh(typical)
BELGIUM1,1801,710ÌýÌýÌýÌý
CYPRUS9591,395Ìý8731,395Ìý
CZECH REPUBLIC444887106151,0232
FINLAND1,2901,88041,0201,2402
FRANCE1,3251,900ÌýÌýÌýÌý
GERMANY52669064306542
GREECE1,0002,000Ìý9002,000Ìý
HUNGARY5337508612731Ìý
IRELAND1,5501,90052,0502,9002
ITALY1,3002,35041,8503,0001
NETHERLANDS7381,176101,0011,3601
POLAND5901,056Ìý578943Ìý
ROMANIA480650125206792
SLOVAKIA38869885176462
SPAIN1,1351,749127741,7492
SWEDEN8331,24971,5611,8994
UNITED KINGDOM1,6102,63581,4641,8302
ARGENTINA33452315N/AN/AÌý
AUSTRALIA ¹1,4241,789307041,133Ìý
BRAZIL520597185406165
CHINA312427256349787
HONG KONG9471,190Ìý1,4871,763Ìý
INDIA224458172805613
INDONESIA309427Ìý195233Ìý
ISRAEL536638166697142
JAPAN1,4101,739205651,4105
LEBANON555697254926414
MALAYSIA158452Ìý203701Ìý
NEW ZEALAND1,1111,287Ìý556965Ìý
PHILIPPINES34554940250486Ìý
QATAR8111,132258531,2394
SAUDI ARABIA8771,32077741,3202
SINGAPORE67380425673829Ìý
SOUTH AFRICA7131,21185748292
SRI LANKA268351181842343
SULTANATE OF OMAN5771,054Ìý5891,287Ìý
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES744976258081,1624
VIETNAM596741Ìý489596Ìý
USA ²2,0237,816ÌýÌýÌýÌý
CARIBBEAN ³1,1541,922Ìý1,0671,623Ìý
* Typical number of storeys has only been provided where identifiied by local offices
¹ Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
² USA figures are taken from the New York office only
³ Caribbean figures are an average for the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV type definitions
High-rise apartments Multistorey building typical of major cities in country, apartments finished to a high standard, all floors served by lifts.
Shopping centre Major shopping development incorporating retail space, pedestrian areas and service areas, but excluding car parks.
High-quality capital city hotel High-quality hotel in excess of 400 bedrooms, conference facilities, extensive restaurant, lounge and foyer areas, leisure facilities including indoor pool, retail and service areas. Costs exclude furniture, fittings and equipment.
Provincial/suburban hotel Medium-sized hotel with conference facilities, extensive restaurant, lounge and foyer areas but no pool or other leisure facilities. Costs exclude furniture, fittings and equipment.
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV material supply prices*
ÌýSteel rebar high yieldStructural steelOrdinary cementConcrete (20 N/mm²)Aggregate all gradesSand (coarse)PlasterCarcassing timberCommon bricksConcrete blocks (100 mm)Glass (6 mm)
Country€/tonne€/tonne€/tonne€/m³€/tonne€/tonne€/tonne€/m³€/1,000€/m²€/m²
BELGIUMÌýÌýÌýÌý1515224392ÌýÌý26
CROATIA644691123451218Ìý183Ìý612
CYPRUS4369596361991225234361012
CZECH REPUBLIC56481882592028853591981813
FINLAND6591,407108641010351209Ìý1037
FRANCE1,0751,27716512050562933784131340
GREECE50195050561010110Ìý167Ìý15
HUNGARY789868158138371191771581628
IRELAND6191,250130757123292504741242
ITALY4497701139416161351601701231
NETHERLANDS75096019085Ìý9350ÌýÌý931
NORWAY8902,4141909713132933437742942
POLAND4666287048187154227141106
ROMANIA5058511497015121201382831015
SLOVAKIA8011,085104721018822273101061
SPAIN8861,3509572151664160102Ìý38
SWEDEN9471,0721041241019348635Ìý1626
UNITED KINGDOM65987819097372528838429312Ìý
ARGENTINA653Ìý8251187101Ìý64925
AUSTRALIA ¹7658622059229231876503511747
BRAZIL1,6543,6601829212152012012691242
CHINA376748323166382064114
HONG KONG470Ìý54Ìý43ÌýÌýÌý49
INDIA448486634799ÌýÌý3447
INDONESIA445613613812122331828137
ISRAEL5801,303694199145ÌýÌý413
JAPAN4361,07361821619Ìý379Ìý1013
LEBANON4487486956181319247057769
MALAYSIA36365645297129115859310
NEW ZEALAND8777311321021620Ìý3514391856
PHILIPPINES4707066361139Ìý212470354
QATAR5211,63198751313ÌýÌýÌý798
SAUDI ARABIA44479873447482205n/a334
SINGAPORE367357422366Ìý37136413
SOUTH AFRICA7641,785107822012Ìý458190642
SRI LANKA53763756511313545204034
SULTANATE OF OMAN4871,38666343653255Ìý612
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES3951,6511676799Ìý581Ìý676
VIETNAM296338533794Ìý322934
CARIBBEAN ²7444,0141621903434Ìý511Ìý1359
* All rates include delivery to site and local discounts, but exclude VAT and local taxes
¹ Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
² Caribbean figures are an average for the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands
Inflation rates and forecasts
ÌýRetail price inflation (%)ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV tender price inflation (%)
Country1999200020012002200320042005*2006* 2007*1999200020012002200320042005*2006* 2007*
BELGIUM1.92.53.11.81.42.12.92.7Ìý2.24.35.61.32.45.43.7ÌýÌý
CZECH REPUBLIC236.73.142.84ÌýÌý232–0.42.62.74.1ÌýÌý
FINLAND1.432.91.223.84ÌýÌý9.25–3.71.64.50.30ÌýÌý
FRANCE321.5444.233Ìý245.61.32.460.95Ìý
GERMANY122.412222Ìý–0.310.3–0.1–0.1–1.8–0.2ÌýÌý
HUNGARY11107.56576ÌýÌý101075566Ìý
IRELAND264.9543.555Ìý12134.7–5.0–0.65.37.3Ìý
ITALY132854.9222.1232.83.71.85.24.14.83.8
NETHERLANDS2.344.21322.21.5ÌýÌý3.24.55.42.31.13.61.6Ìý
POLAND91042152ÌýÌý942.61152.2ÌýÌý
ROMANIA10ÌýÌýÌýÌý975Ìý432439.934.318.6975Ìý
SLOVAKIA546675.33ÌýÌý53652.910.23.4ÌýÌý
SPAIN267.9542.233Ìý276.15.73.92.2ÌýÌý
SWEDEN012.9223.71.821.7154.53.52.56.60.83.1Ìý
UNITED KINGDOM1.531.81.7332.62Ìý2.53.533.534.5443.5
ARGENTINA–1.8–0.7–1.541.247121210.50–1.7–0.867.919.825123.6Ìý
AUSTRALIA1.233332.5333603.53.3474.944
CHINA–1.3ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý–0.2100.50.50.20ÌýÌý
HONG KONG–3.9–2.0–3.1–3.2–2.202.2ÌýÌý–4.5–11.4–8.6–8.22.603.8ÌýÌý
INDIA34ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý732.5611.93.63.94.75.4
INDONESIA1.85.9ÌýÌý106.818ÌýÌý13.812.1ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý
ISRAEL1.301.45–1.91.22.94Ìý2.5211.62.44.911.38.810
JAPAN–2.6–1.0–1.8–0.4–4.311.1000–1.5–1.4–1.1–1.33.52000
LEBANON33.42.74.14.45.8–0.55Ìý3.33.72.93.34.829.4–4.55Ìý
MALAYSIAÌý1.5ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý41.6–1.53.82.68.33.1ÌýÌý
NEW ZEALAND2.42.4ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý0.60.92.11.61.114.45.22.93.7
QATARÌýÌýÌýÌý1517.411ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý252016.7ÌýÌý
SAUDI ARABIA1.521.912.85.4110.8ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý
SINGAPORE0.92ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý–10.8–1.202.46–7.99.8ÌýÌý
SOUTH AFRICAÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý1274.26.62.61814.36.98.3
USA 12.32.61.62.22.33.23.43.1Ìý9.36.8–1.5–7.22.6118.47.73.9
ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý
* 2005 to 2007 figures are forecasts
1 US building tender price inflation rates are taken from New York office only