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Labour rates (€/hour)
ÌýBasic rate*All-in rate**
Country UnskilledSemi-skilled SkilledUnskilled Semi-skilledSkilled
Belgium 27.0028.4033.50
Czech Republic1.722.825.335.177.2110.98
Finland9.0012.0013.1015.6020.7024.10
France9.4011.4013.1617.9022.0025.10
Hungary1.742.524.074.657.1710.47
Italy12.0014.0016.0024.2424.2528.16
Poland1.802.202.633.294.285.05
Slovakia1.101.662.561.342.083.66
Spain16.0017.0021.0018.0019.0025.00
United Kingdom8.249.4110.9611.1612.7614.86
Argentina0.730.871.161.311.602.12
Australia † 11.2011.5412.3423.6024.1825.27
China0.390.640.930.510.811.22
Hong Kong8.21Ìý12.539.39Ìý14.36
India0.250.350.420.290.390.48
Indonesia0.310.360.430.420.550.65
Israel6.026.867.428.039.159.90
Japan13.4016.9422.1820.1025.4133.26
New Zealand10.7513.7114.7813.7116.1318.28
Oman0.981.251.741.802.122.61
Philippines0.530.660.750.570.711.01
Saudi Arabia1.121.342.232.012.683.35
Singapore1.762.342.932.882.973.17
Thailand0.440.781.110.550.881.22
UAE1.201.311.431.481.711.94
Vietnam2.013.214.42ÌýÌýÌý
USA § 27.6837.6644.42
* Basic labour rate is the amount paid to a site operative, based upon figures promulgated by the national wage fixing body of each country. In many cases employers may be paying above or below the basic rate.
** All-in rate is the gross hourly cost of employing the site operative, based upon the standard working week for the country, including items such as insurances, statutory contributions and taxes. The all-in labour rate for the Middle East includes the cost of importing labour and for food and accommodation.
† Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
§ USA figures are for an average for 11 cities: Boston, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Phoenix, Portland, San Francisco and Seattle
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV costs: Offices and industrial (€/³¾2)
ÌýCity-centre heated officesCity-centre air-conditioned officeFactories, warehouse, industrial Out-of-town business park
Ìý€/³¾2€/³¾2floors*€/³¾2€/³¾2floors€/³¾2€/³¾2floors€/³¾2€/³¾2floors
Country low high(typical) low high(typical)low high(typical) low high(typical)
Belgium1300.002000.00Ìý1750.002350.0030.00350.00600.001.001000.001500.003.00
Czech Republic564.44752.596.00689.871191.606.00344.94783.941.00627.16878.026.00
Finland1250.001580.005.001380.001680.005.00780.00960.001.001160.001380.002.00
France1500.002000.00Ìý2000.002500.0033.00450.00700.001.001100.001500.003.00
Hungary484.55581.465.00658.99755.907.00310.11387.641.00465.17620.233.00
Italy985.001215.008.001160.001900.008.00565.00850.001.001595.002320.001.00
Netherlands1140.001383.006.001362.001811.008.00546.00838.001.001241.001443.001.00
Poland545.48855.65Ìý727.301112.35Ìý342.26545.48ÌýN/AN/AÌý
Slovakia488.29683.615.00561.54854.5110.00317.39561.541.00488.29683.614.00
SpainN/AN/AÌý900.001385.0010.00360.00660.00Ìý780.001265.004.00
United Kingdom1285.711535.717.001857.142800.008.00350.00592.861.001414.291835.714.00
ArgentinaN/AN/AÌý304.77406.3620.00N/AN/AÌýN/AN/AÌý
Australia †0.000.00 1192.091759.3117.00274.51407.981.00793.211000.993.00
China556.92810.0725.00536.67789.8225.00283.52486.042.00637.93931.583.00
Hong KongN/AN/AÌý1036.561360.4945.00442.70647.8515.001306.501662.823.00
IndiaN/AN/AÌý329.92398.1710.00259.55306.741.00306.74389.336.00
IndonesiaN/AN/AÌý259.77405.90Ìý194.83227.30Ìý194.83238.13Ìý
IsraelN/AN/AÌý550.77634.797.00154.03175.501.00550.77634.796.00
JapanN/AN/AÌý1516.922333.1415.00373.461039.521.001170.421848.0310.00
New Zealand876.301048.3320.001048.331236.4925.00188.16354.82Ìý591.37763.403.00
OmanN/AN/AÌý457.12783.636.00239.44598.611.00N/AN/AÌý
PhilippinesN/AN/AÌý301.73482.7640.00181.04241.382.00301.73377.162.00
Saudi ArabiaN/AN/AÌý715.081229.057.00491.62782.121.00N/AN/AÌý
SingaporeN/AN/AÌý824.031004.4425.00312.06453.462.00692.38828.902.00
ThailandN/AN/AÌý525.73630.88Ìý168.23210.29ÌýN/AN/AÌý
UAEN/AN/AÌý536.24604.6924.00296.64410.731.00513.42638.925.00
VietnamN/AN/AÌý669.70830.43Ìý262.52332.17Ìý562.55658.99Ìý
USA §ÌýÌýÌý1211.791751.36Ìý416.22734.39Ìý914.651241.35Ìý
Cayman IslandsN/AN/AÌý1676.242514.365.00419.06628.591.00ÌýÌýÌý
* Typical number of storeys has only been provided where identified by local offices
† Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
§ USA figures are for an average for 11 cities: Boston, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Phoenix, Portland, San Francisco and Seattle
Exchange rates current at 24 November 2003 as published in the London Financial Times.
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV costs: Residential and retail (€/³¾2)
ÌýHigh-rise apartmentsShopping centreHigh-quality capital city hotel ** Provinical/suburban hotel **
Ìý€/³¾2€/³¾2floors*€/³¾2€/³¾2floors*€/³¾2€/³¾2floors*€/³¾2€/³¾2floors*
Country low high(typical) low high(typical)low high(typical) low high(typical)
Belgium1100.001600.006.00ÌýÌýÌý1800.002500.0020.001100.001500.008.00
Czech Republic627.16940.7310.00658.511003.452.001097.521818.758.00736.911003.453.00
Finland1210.001760.004.00960.001160.002.001680.001860.005.001460.001680.003.00
France1200.001750.008.00ÌýÌýÌý1800.002500.009.001150.001600.008.00
Hungary484.55600.858.00542.70814.052.00910.961337.367.00484.55736.524.00
Italy1130.002160.004.001650.002680.001.001550.002470.004.001050.001700.002.00
Netherlands711.001132.0010.00947.001286.001.002059.002386.008.001825.001925.004.00
Poland481.30834.26Ìý609.65855.65Ìý909.131219.30Ìý673.83973.30Ìý
Slovakia439.46732.448.00488.29610.372.00732.441025.427.00537.12732.446.00
Spain950.001565.0012.00600.001325.002.001320.001920.0015.00960.001550.0010.00
United Kingdom1350.002328.578.001171.431835.712.002142.862671.4310.001600.002028.574.00
Argentina242.37333.8015.00N/AN/AÌý348.31447.0010.00248.17303.324.00
Australia †1167.801516.6215.00621.821031.30Ìý1528.762089.91Ìý1207.231600.04Ìý
China313.90405.0335.00607.55891.084.00810.071113.8525.00658.18931.5815.00
Hong Kong906.991133.7445.001220.121382.084.001166.131576.4425.00N/AN/AÌý
India193.40273.8815.00295.79384.713.00896.631533.7110.00318.54398.177.00
Indonesia292.25400.48Ìý194.83227.30Ìý400.48519.55Ìý313.89378.84Ìý
Israel351.94392.0810.00586.25830.832.00830.83952.1910.00664.66737.483.00
Japan1516.921863.4320.00608.311516.925.001863.433149.3520.001632.432102.1310.00
New Zealand822.541102.09Ìý494.60822.54Ìý1354.771526.80Ìý623.62849.42Ìý
Oman544.19979.544.00761.861197.213.00653.031306.056.00435.35707.445.00
Philippines316.81528.0245.00241.38467.675.00377.16678.8850.00331.90407.338.00
Saudi Arabia826.821229.057.00715.081229.052.001229.051564.257.001005.591340.784.00
Singapore633.87755.7725.00633.87780.153.001199.471609.055.001038.571160.474.00
Thailand462.64567.79Ìý336.47441.61Ìý693.96799.11Ìý357.50462.64Ìý
UAE581.87741.6025.00627.51889.924.001140.931369.1135.00912.741140.9322.00
Vietnam594.70739.35Ìý487.54594.70Ìý889.371109.03Ìý701.85862.58Ìý
USA § 658.121069.85 1441.352062.90ÌýÌýÌýÌý
Cayman Islands1047.651843.863.00896.791340.992.001592.432095.305.001047.651592.432.00
* Typical number of storeys has only been provided where identified by local offices
** Excludes furniture, fittings and equipment
† Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
§ USA figures are for an average for 11 cities: Boston, Denver, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Phoenix, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington DC
Exchange rates current at 24 November 2003 as published in the London Financial Times.
ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV material supply prices *
ÌýSteel rebar high yieldStructural steelOrdinary cementConcrete (20 N/mm2)Aggregate all gradesSand (coarse)PlasterCarcassing timberCommon bricksConcrete blocks (100 mm)Glass (6 mm)
Country€/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð€/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð€/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð€/³¾3€/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð€/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð€/³Ù´Ç²Ô²Ô±ð€/³¾3€/1000€/³¾2€/³¾2
BelgiumÌýÌýÌýÌý13.8013.80210.00372.00ÌýÌý25.00
Czech Republic517.40906.2476.8347.0412.2311.60Ìý181.88228.9111.7610.19
Finland520.001140.00105.0062.009.909.90312.00216.00ÌýÌý35.70
France870.001030.00152.0099.0044.0044.00272.00362.00384.003.3632.00
Hungary523.32814.0532.9574.4311.2410.47116.29263.60213.2012.4015.89
Italy403.00560.00103.1071.9014.4215.12135.00160.10150.0011.1631.30
Poland201.72427.8360.7538.0812.418.5685.57198.94147.6010.7010.05
Slovakia561.54878.9390.3357.378.7915.8773.24207.52732.448.7953.71
Spain390.00900.0078.0060.0012.0013.0058.00150.0090.008.0033.00
United Kingdom528.57750.00141.43104.2921.4321.43208.57325.71321.4311.4335.71
Argentina412.17Ìý44.9946.7313.064.3571.9858.0536.865.6621.48
Australia †603.62682.48172.8972.8025.7820.93166.83591.48303.3215.1742.47
China243.02308.8434.4332.404.564.5640.50162.0127.343.653.04
Hong Kong302.33399.5152.9135.635.072.8159.39162.2958.417.024.86
India393.87512.9548.3651.2923.717.9044.33Ìý30.599.1611.58
Indonesia255.84314.8857.0730.507.388.8617.22118.089.841.384.92
Israel373.41970.8651.3436.4110.2712.14205.37ÌýÌý4.2014.00
Japan323.41616.0164.6888.5516.9420.17Ìý408.11Ìý10.4015.02
New Zealand682.76860.17119.35102.1516.1322.58Ìý510.73ÌýÌý59.14
Oman404.881208.1054.4227.212.835.4447.89239.44Ìý4.3510.88
Philippines342.46377.1656.5745.269.817.54Ìý196.12Ìý2.2645.26
Saudi Arabia357.541117.3269.2742.466.704.4778.21178.77n/a3.3533.52
Singapore275.28346.1934.3422.195.365.36Ìý35.59Ìý4.3912.09
Thailand315.44504.7051.5252.577.366.10113.56Ìý14.726.317.15
UAE288.651135.2249.7439.027.079.13Ìý456.37Ìý8.1070.74
Vietnam295.20337.5352.5036.168.305.09Ìý32.1528.933.215.09
USA §461.811129.1594.7352.768.6513.46Ìý206.56ÌýÌý43.12
Cayman Islands491.983687.73150.02171.8132.4432.44Ìý348.66Ìý10.7732.69
* All rates include delivery to site and local discounts, but exclude VAT and local taxes
† Australia figures are an average for Melbourne and Sydney
§ USA figures are for an average for nine cities: Boston, Denver, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Phoenix, Portland, San Francisco and Seattle
Inflation rates and forecasts
ÌýRetail price inflation (%)ºÃÉ«ÏÈÉúTV tender price inflation (%)
Country19961997199819992000200120022003*2004*19961997199819992000200120022003*2004*
BelgiumÌý1.100.691.872.513.101.331.93ÌýÌý0.401.892.154.315.601.303.171.33
CyprusÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý6.496.718.006.3511.9410.675.22ÌýÌý
Czech Republic10.109.209.892.082.866.673.053.974.173.5010.708.402.083.021.980.02.183.42
Denmark2.102.303.405.501.302.302.002.20Ìý2.862.783.381.313.233.755.425.71Ìý
Finland -0.802.402.341.432.922.931.151.841.90-7.409.1015.409.214.87-3.741.592.131.11
France2.702.802.432.661.701.504.764.293.562.702.20-0.203.043.332.673.682.943.19
Germany1.502.401.000.701.902.401.401.20Ìý2.10-2.500.02.502.500.200.40ÌýÌý
Hungary23.0018.0014.5010.509.507.506.006.007.0014.0019.0011.5010.009.507.005.007.00Ìý
Ireland2.593.363.2510.2415.716.005.004.40Ìý2.593.363.2510.2415.716.794.00 Ìý
Italy3.802.201.710.842.501.638.005.194.232.301.001.980.972.882.804.551.742.56
Netherlands2.502.401.802.402.404.702.203.30Ìý1.802.601.705.003.203.106.703.501.20
Norway2.502.402.152.682.701.811.511.32Ìý1.702.003.922.744.133.702.722.98Ìý
Poland19.5015.3010.608.5010.304.002.100.70Ìý21.1014.107.008.603.702.601.001.00Ìý
Romania22.7760.23Ìý10.10ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý18.5342.6124.2239.9434.3118.59Ìý
Slovakia10.008.9016.165.143.766.006.006.604.2710.0012.0012.055.183.035.000.06.005.59
Spain3.102.261.472.902.403.702.402.20Ìý4.032.332.276.672.20ÌýÌý Ìý
Sweden3.811.831.801.775.224.965.515.22Ìý3.811.831.801.775.224.965.515.22Ìý
Switzerland0.800.802.081.651.721.130.930.830.91-2.00-2.000.00.511.522.000.01.081.94
United Kingdom2.403.103.401.503.001.402.302.702.703.505.003.502.503.503.003.502.503.00
Argentina-0.900.300.70-1.78-0.71-1.5241.243.659.15-5.001.850.100.11-1.71-0.8280.925.565.26
Australia1.200.800.801.203.003.003.003.003.003.061.982.912.834.593.503.304.004.40
ChinaÌý1.80-1.50-1.30ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý-2.50-2.13-1.19-0.230.590.00.450.510.41
EgyptÌýÌýÌýÌý2.60ÌýÌýÌýÌý5.435.154.903.333.233.133.03ÌýÌý
Hong Kong7.005.00-1.90-3.88-2.02-3.09-2.13-3.261.1210.2019.00-7.56-4.55-11.43-8.60-8.245.132.44
IndiaÌýÌý15.003.104.00ÌýÌýÌýÌý4.494.545.793.536.264.323.20ÌýÌý
Indonesia3.406.9074.401.805.90ÌýÌý10.00Ìý2.3010.0048.4813.7812.11ÌýÌýÌýÌý
Israel10.606.988.621.320.001.426.46-1.012.008.108.305.822.532.041.036.554.603.33
Japan-1.60-0.61-3.47-2.64-0.98-0.55-0.412.37Ìý-1.33-0.31-2.19-1.60-1.302.74-1.280.10Ìý
KenyaÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý3.107.000.06.542.632.564.178.007.41
MalaysiaÌýÌýÌýÌý1.50ÌýÌýÌýÌý0.903.200.404.000.78-1.29ÌýÌýÌý
New Zealand2.600.002.102.402.40ÌýÌýÌýÌý0.600.0-0.400.600.902.081.453.630.83
PhilippinesÌý5.3010.205.70ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý0.00ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý
Saudi Arabia0.902.000.491.462.211.600.932.750.89ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý
SingaporeÌý2.30-1.400.901.70ÌýÌýÌýÌý-0.993.00-14.56-9.095.00-9.520.02.63Ìý
South Africa6.004.004.10ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý5.706.207.2011.806.504.206.604.00Ìý
Sri Lanka15.949.579.374.6912.589.539.12ÌýÌý4.414.764.222.822.5716.763.98ÌýÌý
Taiwan-0.534.980.590.59-1.59-1.11-0.26ÌýÌý-1.831.24-0.261.14-0.96-0.88-0.35ÌýÌý
ThailandÌý7.005.80Ìý2.30ÌýÌýÌýÌý0.807.905.88-14.587.3210.61-3.427.09Ìý
UAE0.004.358.330.00-3.850.000.00ÌýÌý0.04.308.300.100.00.990.0ÌýÌý
USA §2.102.904.502.302.601.602.20 2.363.805.874.383.803.403.160.828.00
* 2003 and 2004 figures are forecasts.
§ US building tender price inflation figures are an average for nine cities: Boston, Hawaii, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, New York, Phoenix, Portland, San Francisco and Seattle